Check the side clearance between piston and connecting rod.
Using feeler gauge, measure the side clearance while moving the connecting rod back and forth.
Side clearance
Standard : 0.1 ~ 0.25 mm (0.0039 ~ 0.0098 in)
Maximum : 0.35 mm (0.0138 in)
If out-of-tolerance, install a new connecting rod.
If still out-of-tolerance after connecting rod replacement, replace the crankshaft.
Check the connecting rod bearing oil clearance.
Check the match marks on the connecting rod and cap are aligned to ensure correct reassembly.
Remove the 2 connecting rod cap bolts.
Remove the connecting rod cap and lower bearing.
Clean the crankshaft pin journal and bearing.
Place a plastigage across the crankshaft pin journal.
Reinstall the lower bearing and cap, and tighten the bolts.
Tightening torque :
27.5 ~ 31.4 N.m (2.8 ~ 3.2 kgf.m, 20.3 ~ 33.1 lb-ft) + 88°~92°
Do not turn the crankshaft.
Do not reuse the connection rod cap bolts.
Remove the connecting rod cap and lower bearing.
Measure the plastigage at its widest point.
Bearing oil clearance :
0.032 ~ 0.052 mm (0.0013 ~ 0.0020 in)
If the measurement from the plastigage is too wide or too narrow, remove the upper and lower bearing and then install a new bearings with the same color mark.
Recheck the oil clearance.
Do not file, shim, of scrape the bearings or the caps to adjust clearance.
If the plastigage shows the clearance is still incorrect, try the next larger or smaller bearing. Recheck the oil clearance.
If the proper clearance cannot be obtained by using the appropriate larger or smaller bearings, replace the crankshaft and start over.
If the marks are indecipherable because of an accumulation of dirt and dust, do not scrub them with a wire brush or scraper. Clean them only with solvent or detergent.
Select the bearing by using selection table.
Connecting rod bearing | Connecting rod mark | |||
0 (A, 0) | 1 (B, 00) | 2 (C, 000) | ||
Crank shaft pin journal mark | 1 | E (Red) | D (Green) | C (None) |
2 | D (Green) | C (None) | B (Black) | |
3 | C (None) | B (Black) | A (Blue) | |
Class | Mark | Connecting rod big-end inner diameter |
0 | A, 0 | 45.000 ~ 45.006 mm (1.7717 ~ 1.7719 in) |
1 | B, 00 | 45.006 ~ 45.012 mm (1.7719 ~ 1.7721 in) |
2 | C, 000 | 45.012 ~ 45.018 mm (1.7721 ~ 1.7724 in) |
Class | Mark | Crankshaft pin journal outer diameter |
I | 1 | 41.966 ~ 41.972 mm (1.6522 ~ 1.6524 in) |
II | 2 | 41.960 ~ 41.966 mm (1.6520 ~ 1.6522 in) |
III | 3 | 41.954 ~ 41.960 mm (1.6517 ~ 1.6520 in) |
Top surface stamp
Bottom surface stamp
Class | Color | Connecting rod bearing thickness |
A | Blue | 1.514 ~ 1.517 mm (0.0596 ~ 0.0597 in) |
B | Black | 1.511 ~ 1.514 mm (0.0595 ~ 0.0596 in) |
C | None | 1.508 ~ 1.511 mm (0.0594 ~ 0.0595 in) |
D | Green | 1.505 ~ 1.508 mm (0.0593 ~ 0.0594 in) |
E | Red or Yellow | 1.502 ~ 1.505 mm (0.0591 ~ 0.0593 in) |
Check the connecting rods.
When reinstalling, make sure that cylinder numbers put on the connecting rod and cap at disassembly match. When a new connecting rod is installed, make sure that the notches for holding the bearing in place are on the same side.
Replace the connecting rod if it is damaged on the thrust faces at either end. Also if step wear or a severely rough surface of the inside diameter of the small end is apparent, the rod must be replaced as well.
Using a connecting rod aligning tool, check the rod for bend and twist. If the measured value is close to the repair limit, correct the rod by a press. Any connecting rod that has been severely bent or distorted should be replaced.
Allowable bend of connecting rod :
0.05 mm (0.0020 in) or less / 100 mm (3.94 in)
Allowable twist of connecting rod :
0.1 mm (0.0039 in ) or less / 100 mm (3.94 in)
Clean the piston.
Using a gasket scraper, remove the carbon from the piston top.
Using a groove cleaning tool or broken ring, clean the piston ring grooves.
Using solvent and a brush, thoroughly clean the piston.
Do not use a wire brush.
Check the piston-to-cylinder clearance by calculating the difference between the cylinder bore inner diameter and the piston outer diameter.
Piston-to-cylinder clearance :
0.02 ~ 0.04 mm (0.0008 ~ 0.0016 in)
Using a cylinder bore gauge, measure the cylinder bore diameter at position in the thrust and axial direction.
Cylinder bore diameter :
77.00 ~ 77.03 mm (3.0315 ~ 3.0327 in)
Measure the piston outside diameter at 33.9 mm (1.5697 in) from top land of the piston.
Piston outside diameter :
76.97 ~ 77.00 mm (3.0303 ~ 3.0315 in)
Select the piston matching with cylinder bore class.
Piston-to-cylinder clearance :
0.02 ~ 0.04 mm (0.0008 ~ 0.0016 in)
Check the cylinder bore size mark on the side of the cylinder block.
Class | Mark | Cylinder bore inner diameter |
a | A or 1 | 77.00 ~ 77.01 mm (3.0315 ~ 3.0319 in) |
b | B or 2 | 77.01 ~ 77.02 mm (3.0319 ~ 3.0323 in) |
c | C or 3 | 77.02 ~ 77.03 mm (3.0323 ~ 3.0327 in) |
Check the piston size mark on the piston top face.
Class | Mark | Piston outer diameter |
A | A | 76.97 ~ 76.98 mm (3.0303 ~ 3.0307 in) |
B | B | 76.98 ~ 76.99 mm (3.0307 ~ 3.0311 in) |
C | C | 76.99 ~ 77.00 mm (3.0311 ~ 3.0315 in) |
Inspect the piston ring side clearance.
Using a feeler gauge, measure the clearance between new piston ring and the wall of ring groove.
Piston ring side clearance
[Standard]
No.1 ring : 0.04 ~ 0.08 mm (0.0015 ~ 0.0031 in)
No.2 ring : 0.04 ~ 0.08 mm (0.0015 ~ 0.0031 in)
Oil ring : 0.06 ~ 0.135 mm (0.0024 ~ 0.0053 in)
[Limit]
No.1 ring : 0.1 mm (0.0039 in)
No.2 ring : 0.1 mm ( 0.0039 in)
Oil ring : 0.2 mm ( 0.0079 in)
If the clearance is greater than maximum, replace the piston.
Inspect the piston ring end gap.
To measure the piston ring end gap, insert a piston ring into the cylinder bore. Position the ring at right angles to the cylinder wall by gently pressing it down with a piston. Measure the gap with a feeler gauge.
Piston ring end gap
[Standard]
No.1 ring : 0.14 ~ 0.28 mm (0.0079 ~ 0.0138 in)
No.2 ring : 0.30 ~ 0.45 mm (0.0118 ~ 0.0177 in)
Oil ring : 0.20 ~ 0.50 mm (0.0079 ~ 0.0276 in)
[Limit]
No.1 ring : 0.3 mm (0.0118 in)
No.2 ring : 0.5 mm (0.0197 in)
Oil ring : 0.8 mm (0.0315 in)
If the gap exceeds the specifications, replace the piston rings. If the gap is too large, recheck the cylinder bore inner diameter. If the bore is over the specifications, the cylinder block must be rebored.
Measure the outer diameter of piston pin
Piston pin diameter :
18.001 ~ 18.006 mm (0.7087 ~ 0.7089 in)
Measure the piston pin-to-piston clearance.
Piston pin-to-piston clearance :
0.010 ~ 0.020 mm (0.0004 ~ 0.0008 in)
Check the difference between the piston pin outer diameter and the connecting rod small end inner diameter.
Piston pin-to-connecting rod interference :
-0.032 ~ -0.016 mm (-0.0013 ~ -0.0006 in)
